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Gate-Induced Superconductivity in Two-Dimensional Atomic Crystals with Atomic-Scale Thickness

Ashish Gupta

Abstract


Two dimensional (2D) crystals are fascinating towards rising attention in condensed matter physics, since these systems exhibit not only rich photonic and electronic properties but also exotic electronic phase transitions counting superconductivity and charge density wave. Recent development in two-dimensional superconductors with atomic-scale thickness is studied mainly from the experimental point of view. The superconducting systems treated here involve a variety of materials and forms: elemental metal ultra-thin films and atomic layers on semiconductor surfaces; interfaces and super lattices of hetero structures made of perovskite oxides, cuprates and rare-earth metal heavy-fermion compounds; interfaces of electric-double-layer transistors; graphene and atomic sheets of transition metal dichalcogenide; iron selenide and organic conductors on oxide and metal surfaces, respectively. Also, a topical review on the recent discoveries of 2D crystalline superconductors and a series of their novel properties by ionic-liquid gating. We mainly focus on the two; superconductivity robust against in-plane magnetic fields and quantum metallic states (or possible metallic ground states). These phenomena can be discussed with the effects of weakened disorder and/or broken spatial inversion symmetry leading to valley-dependent spin-momentum locking (spin-valley locking). These examples suggest the superconducting 2D crystals are new platforms for investigating the intrinsic quantum phases as well as exotic nature in 2D superconductors. Also, a unique phenomena arising from the ultimate two dimensionality of the system and the physics behind them are discussed.

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.37628/ijssm.v3i1.27

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